1. Always, often, seldom, never, just, ever, usually, hardly आदि Adverbs का प्रयोग मुख्य verb के पहले होता है
2. Adverb of place/time/mannerका प्रयोग सामान्यत: वाक्य के अंत में या object के बाद होता है, लेकिन, यदि object के बाद who/which/that के clause का प्रयोग हो तो Adverb of manner का प्रयोग object के पहले होता है
जैसे- She received warmly all those who had come in time.
3. किसी वाक्य में यदि Adverb of manner, Place तथा Time तीनों का प्रयोग एक साथ हो तो पहले Adverb of manner फिर Adverb of Place तथा सबसे बाद में Adverb of Time का प्रयोग होता है
4. Adverb of Quantity का प्रयोग सामान्यत: उस शब्द के पहले होता है जिसकी विशेषता ये बताते है
जैसे- too dull, quite cool, very bad.
लेकिन, Enough पर यह नियम लागू नहीं होता है Enough का प्रयोग Adjective/Adverb के बाद होता है.
5. Infinitive को तोडकर Adverb का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता है
6. Adverb के पहले सामान्यत: Preposition का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता है
7. seldom, never, hardly, scarcely, rarely से शुरू होने वाले वाक्यों में “inverted form of verb” का प्रयोग होता है अर्थात इन वाक्यों auxiliary verb का प्रयोग subject के पहले होता है और मुख्य verb का subject के बाद
8. No sooner से शुरू होने वाले वाक्यों में भी “inverted form of verb” का प्रयोग होता है
जैसे- No sooner had he entered the class than the bell rang.
9. Quite के पहले किसी Adverb का प्रयोग नहीं होता है जैसे- She is absolutely quite alone.
इस वाक्य में absolutely का प्रयोग नहीं होगा
Rule 1: Adverbs of time are generally placed before the verb they modify.
List of Adverbs of time: Always, Recently, Often, Usually, Already, Seldom, Just, Hardly, Never, Rarely, Ever, Normally, Sometimes, Frequent, Generally.
Example:
She never complains anybody.
He is always good at work.
Rule 2: Adverbs of manner are placed only after the intransitive verb. However, adverbs can be placed before or after the transitive verb.
Example:
He wept (Intransitive verb) bitterly (Adverb) Yesterday.
Rule 3: If the introductory subject of a sentence is adverb then the verb is used in the inverted form to show the emphasis lying there upon.
Example:
Hardly had I got into bed when the mobile rang.
Rule 4: ‘Else’ should be followed by ‘but’ while ‘other’ and ‘otherwise’ is followed by ‘than’.
Example:
I have no option other than quitting.
Rule 5: Both ‘Never’ and ‘not’ are adverbs. Use of ‘never’ in place of ‘not’ is incorrect.
Example:
I never went to Paris last year. [wrong]
I did not go to Paris last year. [correct]
Rule 6: Adverbial phrases are used in this way, Seldom or never, seldom if ever, little or nothing, little of anything.
Example:
Seldom or never I go to my shop.
Seldom if ever I go to my shop.
Rule 7: Double negatives are avoided in a sentence. Here are the negative adverbs.
Seldom, Nowhere, Never, Nothing, Hardly, Scarcely, Neither, Barely, Rarely.
Example:
I rarely go to racing.
Rule 8: The following words are adjectives and should not be used as adverbs.
Manly, Masterly, Slovenly, Monthly, Weekly, Friendly, Orderly, Gentlemanly, Sickly.
Example:
I recharge my mobile weekly.
Rule 9: See the below table to note the distinction between adjective and adverb.
Example:
Cowardly people die many times before their death.
Rule 10: The following words can be used both as adjective and as an adverb.
Fast, Safe, High, Quiet, Straight, Outright, Direct, Hard, Hardly, Light, Late.
Example:
I took the safe precautions.
Rule 11: ‘Loud’ is adjective while, ‘Loudly’ and ‘Aloud’ are adverbs.
Example:
She is shouting aloud.
I disturb with a loud sound.
Rule 12: ‘Late’ can be used as both adjective and adverb while ‘Lately’ can be used as an adverb only in the sense of ‘recently’.
Example:
The cab always arrives late.
He is late for class.
Rule 13: ‘Hard’ can be used as both adjective and adverb while ‘Hardly’ can be used as an adverb in the negative sense.
Example:
He hit the door hardly.
Civil services exam is a hard nut to crack.
Rule 14: ‘Very’ is used to modify present participle, adverb and adjective in the positive degree.
Example:
This movie is very interesting.
This is a very good picture.
Rule 15: ‘Much’ is used with comparative degree and past participle.
Example:
I am much excited now.
She is much wiser than his brother.
Rule 16: ‘So’ is used with ‘that’ and ‘too’ is used with ‘to’ ‘very’ and “much” may be used in the place of ‘so’ and ‘too’.
Rule 17: ‘Enough’ is both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective it is placed before a noun and as an adverb it is placed after the adjective.
Example:
She has enough food. (here “enough” is adjective)
He is wise enough to do this. (here “enough” is adverb)Example:
I am too strong to fight.
My sister is very intelligent.
Rule 18: ‘Rather’ is an adverb of degree like fairly, quit, pretty (to some extent) .
Example:
She is rather beautiful.
We are doing the work rather fastly.
Rule 19: ‘Too’, ‘As well’ and ‘Also’ are used in the sense of ‘besides’ or ‘in addition to’ in the affirmative sentence. ‘Too’ and ‘As well’ can be used in the end position but ‘also’ can’t be used in the end position.
Example:
I found my bike and mobile as well.
Rule 20: If two persons are doing one action then [so + helping verb + subject] is used in the affirmative sentence.
Example:
I won the race and so did he.
She drives good and so do I.
Rule 21: If neither of the two persons are doing an action then [neither/nor + helping verb + subject] is used in negative sentence.
Example:
She does not drive good and neither do I.
I did not win the race and neither did he.
Rule 22: ‘As’ should be used to introduce predicative of the verbs in the case of following verbs.
Regard, Describe, Define, Treat, View, Know.
Example:
I regard her as my best friend.
He defined it as good story.
Rule 23: ‘As’ should be avoided to introduce predicative of the verbs in the case of followings.
Name, Elect, Think, Consider, Call, Appoint, Make, Choose.
Example:
He called to the security.
They elected him as CM.
